Skip to content
INSTRUMENT

Method library

The number is only as good as the model.

Sources explain the concept. Each workspace still declares its own narrow boundary. Read both before treating a result as evidence.

  1. 01

    Check the boundary

    Use the workspace only when geometry, loading, and material assumptions match the question.

  2. 02

    Check the quantity

    Keep units compatible and inspect display precision before comparing sources.

  3. 03

    Check the context

    Treat every output as a starting point for independent project-specific verification.

Governed reference data

Version, range, and source before a value.

tool life

Taylor tool-life evidence

Version
Zhang et al., Coatings 12 (2022) 1553 · reviewed 19 Aug 2026
Source
Taylor-equation tool-life research context
Coverage
Evidence that Taylor’s relation is empirical and speed-dependent, with expanded models considering additional machining conditions.
Range
No constants, exponents, or life values are supplied; each model must retain matched experimental basis and stated conditions.
Required evidencematched test basis · wear criterion · speed range

constants

Fundamental physical constants

Version
CODATA 2022 · NIST SRD 121 · content update May 2024
Source
NIST Fundamental Physical Constants
Coverage
Exact SI-defining constants retained for transparent calculation context.
Range
Only values shown below; consult NIST for the full adjustment, uncertainty, correlations, and later revisions.
Speed of light in vacuum299 792 458 · m/s
Planck constant6.626 070 15 × 10⁻³⁴ · J·s
Elementary charge1.602 176 634 × 10⁻¹⁹ · C

materials

Condition-qualified material properties

Version
NIST source gateway · reviewed 18 Aug 2026
Source
NIST Standard Reference Data
Coverage
Source discovery for material, thermal, mechanical, and fluid-property datasets.
Range
No generic material card is treated as a property lookup: alloy, product form, heat treatment, direction, temperature, and test method must be stated.
Required record fieldsdesignation · condition · temperature
Required evidencedataset · edition · retrieval date

material 304 nist

304 stainless cryogenic property record

Version
NIST 304 Stainless material-properties page · reviewed 20 Aug 2026
Source
NIST Material Properties: 304 Stainless (UNS S30400)
Coverage
Source-linked property-family, unit, range, and curve-fit context for NIST’s 304 stainless dataset.
Range
NIST lists thermal conductivity, specific heat, Young’s modulus, and linear expansion with property-specific data/equation ranges and curve-fit error context; consult the cited source before using any fitted value.
Property families publishedthermal conductivity · specific heat · Young’s modulus · linear expansion
Thermal-property range context4–300 · K
Curve-fit contextproperty-specific error stated · %

datum reference frame nist

Datum-reference-frame explanatory record

Version
NIST conceptual datum-system data model · reviewed 20 Aug 2026
Source
NIST: A Conceptual Data Model of Datum Systems
Coverage
Source-linked datum-system vocabulary, mutually perpendicular reference-frame concept, precedence context, and stated material-condition terminology.
Range
Conceptual datum-system context only; the cited publication is not a controlled drawing standard, a feature-control-frame parser, or an inspection instruction.
Datum-reference-frame conceptmutually perpendicular datum planes and axes
Review evidencedrawing revision · GD&T edition · datum order · material condition
Explanatory posturesource-linked terminology only

surface texture

Surface texture and finish

Version
NIST program gateway + ASME B46.1-2019 publication context · reviewed 19 Aug 2026
Source
NIST Surface Texture program and ASME B46.1 publication context
Coverage
Parameter definition, instrument context, traceability, topography measurement practice, and evidence fields needed before a controlled finish comparison.
Range
Ra, Rz, Rt, waviness, and lay are not universally convertible; state parameter, filter/cutoff, evaluation length, instrument, material/process, drawing callout, and controlling standard before comparing values.
Minimum comparison contextparameter · filter · evaluation length
Controlled comparison evidencedrawing callout · standard edition · instrument/filter record · process/material

hardness

Hardness scales and conversion limits

Version
NIST hardness SRM gateway + ISO 18265:2013 publication record · reviewed 19 Aug 2026
Source
NIST Hardness SRM and ISO 18265 conversion publication record
Coverage
Hardness reference materials, method traceability, scale-specific measurement context, and controlled conversion-evidence requirements for metallic materials.
Range
ISO 18265:2013 sets conversion principles for metallic materials. Any conversion remains material-group, test-method, scale, range, indentation-geometry, and controlled-table edition specific.
Required conversion contextscale · material class · range · table edition
Controlled conversion evidencesource scale/result · target scale · material group · controlled table/edition

standards

Standards applicability ledger

Version
Engineering Desk governance record v1.0 · reviewed 18 Aug 2026
Source
NIST Standard Reference Data governance
Coverage
ISO fits, GD&T, surface texture, hardness, fasteners, and process-quality methods referenced by workspace boundaries.
Range
Always verify jurisdiction, contract, product sector, edition, amendments, and project applicability.
Required applicability checkedition · jurisdiction · contract · product scope

general tolerances

General tolerances applicability

Version
ISO 2768 edition 2 publication record · reviewed 18 Aug 2026
Source
ISO 2768 publication record
Coverage
Applicability evidence for general linear and angular tolerancing where individual tolerances are not indicated.
Range
The ISO record states four tolerance classes and applicability to metal-removal or sheet-metal-formed workpieces; confirm the exact controlled edition, drawing callout, and manufacturing context.
Required drawing evidencestandard reference · class callout · drawing revision
Required manufacturing contextprocess · feature type · nominal size

vfd compatibility

VFD and motor nameplate compatibility

Version
Danfoss VFD sizing guidance · 27 Sep 2016 · reviewed 18 Aug 2026
Source
Danfoss: How do you size a VFD?
Coverage
Evidence fields for motor current/voltage, drive input/output voltage, overload duty, supply phase, ambient, and altitude review.
Range
Danfoss frames sizing around motor current and voltage rather than horsepower alone; exact overload, derating, motor, and installation limits remain manufacturer- and application-specific.
Motor evidencevoltage · FLA · frequency · speed · duty
Drive evidenceinput range · output current · overload class · enclosure
Installation evidencesupply · ambient · altitude · load profile

sensor requirements

Inductive proximity-sensor requirements

Version
Eaton inductive proximity selection guide · reviewed 18 Aug 2026
Source
Eaton: How to select an inductive proximity sensor
Coverage
Evidence fields for target material/distance/size, mounting, operating voltage, output, actuation rate, wiring, and configuration.
Range
The cited guide is specific to inductive proximity sensors; sensing range varies with target material and the stated mounting/environment constraints.
Target evidencematerial · size · distance · motion rate
Mounting evidencespace · metal surround · flush/non-flush
Electrical evidencesupply · output · wiring · controller input

spring fatigue

Spring fatigue evidence ledger

Version
Lesjöfors spring-fatigue technical note · 11 Dec 2025 · reviewed 18 Aug 2026
Source
Lesjöfors: Shot peening and spring fatigue
Coverage
Evidence fields for material, process, surface condition, cyclic load, treatment, and validation test records in spring-fatigue review.
Range
The cited note describes surface treatment and test context; fatigue outcome depends on material, geometry, process control, loading, environment, and validation.
Material/process evidencematerial · heat treatment · wire/geometry · surface condition
Cyclic-duty evidenceload range · mean load · cycles · environment
Treatment/validation evidenceprocess spec · coverage · residual stress/test record

Workspace provenance

Every released method, one step away

Fundamentals

3 models in Fundamentals
Unit converterNIST Guide to the SI
Mass & densityNIST SI derived quantity reference
Stress safety marginSAND2008-0371, Guideline for Bolted Joint Design and Analysis (Sandia)

Math & geometry

7 models in Math & geometry
Section geometryRoark's Formulas for Stress and Strain — section properties
Right-triangle frameElementary geometry — standard results
3D coordinate spanElementary geometry — standard results
Cylinder geometryElementary geometry — standard results
Circular arc & segmentElementary geometry — standard results
Pitch circle / PCD layoutElementary geometry — circular hole pattern
Regular polygon geometryElementary geometry — standard results

Statics & mechanics

62 models in Statics & mechanics
Axial responseBoston University mechanics notes
Beam deflection & reactionsRoark's Formulas for Stress and Strain — beam reactions and deflection cases
Elastic stabilityShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — Euler column buckling and effective length
Solid-shaft torsionBoston University torsion reference
Baseline L10 lifeNHBB load-rating reference
Torque to preloadNASA RP-1228, Fastener Design Manual
Combined stressBoston University combined-loading reference
Thin-wall vessel stressBoston University thin-wall vessel reference
Ideal gear ratioMotion-control gear-ratio context
Single-bolt loadingSAND2008-0371, Guideline for Bolted Joint Design and Analysis (Sandia)
Compression spring rateAcxess compression-spring rate reference
Extension spring forceShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design
Helical torsion springSpringXpert torsion-spring guide
Parallel key / keyway stressShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — keys, pins and shaft connections
Solid shaft designShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — shaft design, deflection and critical speed
Bearing load & ratingSKF equivalent dynamic load guidance
Ideal drive ratio & forcesShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design
Motion duty & energyOriental Motor motion sizing basics
Dimension consistencyNIST SI base quantities
Engineering arithmetic scratchpadNIST SI units
Shaft bending + torsionShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design
Plane-stress Mohr’s CircleBoston University stress-transformation lesson
Interference / press fitShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — interference fits, Lamé thick-wall relations
Bolted-joint separationSAND2008-0371, Guideline for Bolted Joint Design and Analysis (Sandia)
Ball screw force / speedLinear Motion Tips ball-screw drive torque
Rack & pinion axisLinear Motion Tips rack-and-pinion sizing
Belt axis force / speedLinear Motion Tips belt-and-pulley torque
Tool deflectionExpand Machinery tool deflection guidance
Fatigue stress concentrationUniversity of Illinois MechRef fatigue theory
Goodman fatigueUniversity of Illinois MechRef fatigue theory
Miner cumulative damageMiner (1945), Cumulative Damage in Fatigue, J. Appl. Mech. 12
Planetary gear ratioSDP/SI planetary gear design guide
Worm-drive ratioWorm Gear Motors ratio guidance
S-curve profileRoboticsys S-curve motion documentation
Torque-speed duty pointOriental Motor acceleration-torque guidance
Payload inertiaMotion Controls Robotics payload-inertia explanation
Planar gravity momentOpenStax torque reference
Eccentric bolt-group shearShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — eccentrically loaded bolt groups
Pin shear & bearing stressAFFDL-TR-69-42, Stress Analysis Manual (US Air Force)
Gear tooth root stressWM Berg Lewis-equation overview
Simply supported beam diagramEngineering LibreTexts shear/moment diagrams
Symmetric triangular trussEngineering Statics method of joints
Hertzian sphere-on-flat contactUniversity of Arizona Hertz-contact tutorial
Mode-I fracture intensityApplied Mechanics of Solids LEFM chapter
Deflection comparisonRoark's Formulas for Stress and Strain — beam deflection reference cases
Adjusted bearing lifeNHBB bearing load ratings and life
Friction-interface torqueShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design
Spline tooth loadShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — splines and keys, bearing and shear area
Gear mesh forceShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design
Belt / chain tensionShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design
Cylindrical vessel geometryAFFDL-TR-69-42, Stress Analysis Manual (US Air Force)
External thread tensile areaISO 898-1 — mechanical properties of fasteners
Coupling torsionSDP/SI coupling stiffness context
Cantilever-frame equilibriumEngineering Statics internal forces
Plate-buckling stressTimoshenko & Gere, Theory of Elastic Stability
Linear-guide nominal lifeTHK LM Guide nominal life
Ball-screw nominal lifeTHK ball-screw nominal life
Multi-stage drive trainNeugart multi-stage gearbox context
Parallel-gripper friction holdIPR gripping-force guidance
Conveyor line speed / rateEnercon line-speed calculator
Robot radial reachMecademic robot workspace guidance
Robot static payload momentUniversal Robots payload guidance

Dynamics & motion

9 models in Dynamics & motion
Force & accelerationOpenStax physics reference
Kinetic energyOpenStax kinetic-energy reference
Gravitational potential energyStandard particle mechanics
Flywheel energy changeStandard rigid-body rotational dynamics
Screw critical speedThomson screw critical-speed guidance
Dynamic-braking dutyFilnor dynamic braking resistor guidance
Three-segment RMS torqueKollmorgen RMS torque guidance
Motor operating pointMagtrol motor power calculator
Rotary indexing motionKEB rotary index table guidance

Materials

2 models in Materials
Free thermal expansionOpenStax thermal-expansion reference
Restrained thermal stressOpenStax thermal expansion and elasticity references

Fluids

27 models in Fluids
Hydrostatic pressureWhite, Fluid Mechanics
Flow continuityWhite, Fluid Mechanics
Pipe mean velocityContinuity
Bernoulli equationOpenStax Bernoulli reference
Dynamic pressureBernoulli
Incompressible orifice flowISO 5167 — flow measurement by differential-pressure devices
Hydraulic cylinderFlodraulic basic hydraulic formulas
Hydraulic pumpFlodraulic basic hydraulic formulas
Hydraulic motorWilson hydraulic motor calculations
Hydraulic line velocity & lossFlodraulic basic hydraulic formulas
Liquid valve CvClippard Cv reference
Vacuum evacuation timeLeybold pump-down-time guidance
Pneumatic line pressure lossCrane TP-410, Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings and Pipe
Reynolds numberNASA Reynolds number reference
Minor-loss pressure dropUTA Applied Fluid Mechanics pipe-loss reference
Pipe diameter at target velocityUTA Applied Fluid Mechanics pipe-loss reference
Buoyancy forceEmbry-Riddle fluid statics reference
Submerged-plane center of pressureEngineering LibreTexts hydrostatic pressure reference
Hydraulic pressure-drop powerHydraulics Online hydraulic power reference
Vacuum-leakage demandSMC vacuum leakage guidance
Hydraulic accumulator gas stateParker accumulator gas guidance
Hydraulic reservoir dwell timeFluid Power World reservoir guidance
Darcy friction factorSwamee & Jain (1976), Explicit equations for pipe-flow problems, ASCE
System-head curve pointWilo system-curve guidance
NPSH-available head budgetHydraulic Institute — NPSH definition
Metric Manning uniform flowTxDOT open-channel flow guidance
Compressible mass flowNASA Glenn mass-flow equations

Thermal

10 models in Thermal
Sensible heatOpenStax heat-transfer reference
Heat-exchanger ΔTlmIncropera & DeWitt, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Plane-wall conductionOpenStax conduction reference
Thermal radiation exchangeIncropera & DeWitt, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Convection heat rateDOE-HDBK-1012/2-92, Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Vol. 2
Thermal resistance networkDOE-HDBK-1012/2-92, Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Vol. 2
Ideal-gas stateNASA Glenn ideal-gas reference
Isentropic compressor / turbineNASA Glenn isentropic-flow reference
Single-RC thermal stepElectronics Cooling thermal RC guidance
Ideal-gas entropy changeNASA Glenn entropy-of-a-gas equations

Electrical

2 models in Electrical
Ohm's lawOpenStax electrical-power reference
Three-phase powerRaritan three-phase power guidance

GD&T & quality

14 models in GD&T & quality
ISO 286 fitsISO 286:2010
Tolerance stackNIST uncertainty context
Position deviationISO 1101 — geometrical tolerancing
MMC bonus & virtual conditionISO 2692 — maximum material requirement
Process capability Cp/CpkNIST process-capability reference
Crossed Gage R&RNIST + Minitab crossed Gage R&R ANOVA
Measurement uncertaintyNIST Technical Note 1297
Form-control measurement spanKEYENCE form tolerance overview
GD&T orientation extremaISO 1101 — geometrical tolerancing
Profile / runout variationISO 1101 — geometrical tolerancing
Pp / Ppk performanceMinitab overall capability guidance
Gauge bias, linearity & stabilityNIST measurement-process bias guidance
Control-chart limit arithmeticNIST Shewhart variables-control-chart guidance
Seeded tolerance samplingRoot-sum-square statistical tolerance stacking — standard result

Motion & automation

12 models in Motion & automation
Trapezoidal motionMotion-profile reference
Reflected inertiaReflected-inertia reference
Pneumatic cylinder forcePneumatic cylinder force reference
Clamp-force transferPneumatic force-transfer reference
Lead-screw force & travelWM Berg lead-screw reference
Pneumatic air consumptionFesto air-consumption reference
Pneumatic cylinder timeTameson pneumatic-cylinder timing guide
Vacuum holding forceSchmalz suction-cup holding-force guidance
Toggle linkage forceShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — linkage force transmission
Wrist & tool inertiaEngineering Statics parallel-axis theorem
Machine cycle-time builderStandard industrial-engineering cycle-time definition
Pneumatic air-demand budgetSMC air-consumption and required-flow guidance

Manufacturing

20 models in Manufacturing
Milling removal rateMilling MRR reference
Drilling speed & timeKEYENCE drilling-formula reference
Turning material removalCADEM turning MRR reference
Milling cutting parametersKEYENCE face-milling formulas
Sheet-metal bend developmentGoEngineer sheet-metal bend calculation guide
Production metrics & OEENakajima, Introduction to TPM — OEE definition
Fillet weld & heat-inputShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — fillet-weld throat and stress analysis
Thread pilot & engagementFED-STD-H28, Screw-Thread Standards for Federal Services (public domain)
Turning cutting powerMitsubishi Materials turning cutting power
Drill-point depthHaas drill-point depth guidance
Fixture clamping forceCarr Lane clamping-force guide
Pick-and-place cycleRoboDK robot cycle-time article
Additive build estimateSolid Freeform Fabrication additive estimation study
Tapping torque & powerKennametal tapping torque guidance
Thread machining timeSandvik Coromant threading formulas
Taylor tool-life relationZhang et al. Taylor tool-life relation
Cutting force & ideal powerSandvik Coromant specific cutting force
Symmetric weld-group line loadShigley's Mechanical Engineering Design — weld groups by the unit-area method
Cutting-length machining timeAmerican Micro CNC cycle-time guidance
Single-bend allowanceSendCutSend bend allowance guidance

Applied systems

1 models in Applied systems
Major pipe pressure lossWhite, Fluid Mechanics